{"id":3111,"date":"2016-04-01T16:56:17","date_gmt":"2016-04-01T21:26:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/en\/?p=3111"},"modified":"2016-04-01T19:08:21","modified_gmt":"2016-04-01T23:38:21","slug":"the-sewer-pipes-editor-in-cloacas-the-sanitary-design-software","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/en\/the-sewer-pipes-editor-in-cloacas-the-sanitary-design-software\/","title":{"rendered":"The Sewer Pipes Editor in CLOACAS, the Sanitary Design Software"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>The CLOACAS (SEWERS) Sewer Pipes Editor<\/strong>, along with the required options provided to allow the user to define the geometry and required parameters for the hydraulic calculation of sewer pipes sections, includes several tools to streamline the sanitary sewer design work, as we shall see in this article.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>Sewer Pipes Editor is accessed through the properties of the selected pipe section<\/strong>, by either:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"list_check\">\n<li>Using the <strong>Properties tool in the DRAWING tab, Edit Panel;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Selecting the Properties option<\/strong> that is included in the floating menu shown when you <strong>right-click the mouse button on the drawing area<\/strong> (with the sewer pipe selected); or<\/li>\n<li><strong>From the Sewer Pipes table<\/strong> (main windows, tab Sewer Pipes) by <strong>double-clicking on the row associated with the pipe section to edit<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In the next image, the components of this Editor are highlighted:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3117\" title=\"The-Sewer-Pipes-Editor\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/01_The-Sewer-Pipes-Editor.png\" alt=\"The-Sewer-Pipes-Editor\" width=\"915\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/01_The-Sewer-Pipes-Editor.png 915w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/01_The-Sewer-Pipes-Editor-620x346.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/01_The-Sewer-Pipes-Editor-768x428.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/01_The-Sewer-Pipes-Editor-260x146.png 260w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/01_The-Sewer-Pipes-Editor-50x28.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/01_The-Sewer-Pipes-Editor-135x75.png 135w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 915px) 100vw, 915px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>1 Sewer Pipe Section\u2019s Geometric and Hydraulic Parameters<\/h3>\n<p>In this area is shown, along with a sketch of the pipe\u2019s profile, the necessary parameters for the geometrical definition of the sewer pipe section:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3118\" title=\"Sewer-pipe-section-geometric-and-hydraulic-parameters\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/02_Sewer-pipe-section-geometric-and-hydraulic-parameters.png\" alt=\"Sewer-pipe-section-geometric-and-hydraulic-parameters\" width=\"806\" height=\"585\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/02_Sewer-pipe-section-geometric-and-hydraulic-parameters.png 806w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/02_Sewer-pipe-section-geometric-and-hydraulic-parameters-620x450.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/02_Sewer-pipe-section-geometric-and-hydraulic-parameters-768x557.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/02_Sewer-pipe-section-geometric-and-hydraulic-parameters-201x146.png 201w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/02_Sewer-pipe-section-geometric-and-hydraulic-parameters-50x36.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/02_Sewer-pipe-section-geometric-and-hydraulic-parameters-103x75.png 103w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In this section, it is possible:<\/p>\n<h4>To set the actual pipe section as a Starting Sewer Pipe<\/h4>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">A<b> Starting Sewer Pipe is one on which the upstream manhole does not receive sewage flow from any other pipe section<\/b> of the Sanitary Sewer network. This is an important aspect to create, among others, the project\u2019s sub networks, as explained in this <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/en\/defining-sub-networks-in-a-sanitary-sewer-network-created-with-cloacas-software\/\">Tutorial<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h4>To display the sewer pipe section\u2019s hydraulic parameters<\/h4>\n<p>These values are updated automatically as changes to the sewer pipe section\u2019s geometry are made from the dialog (changing invert elevations, for example). Thus, the design process performed by the user is easier, and it is not necessary to close the Editor in order to update those values.<\/p>\n<h4>To select the sewer pipe section\u2019s Nominal Diameter (ND) and its length<\/h4>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Depending on the pipe section\u2019s assigned Sewer <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: windowtext;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/en\/the-cloacas-sewer-pipes-libraries-manager\/\">Pipes Library<\/a><\/span> <span lang=\"EN-US\">(see point 3 below), <b>the list of available diameters to be allocated (manually or by the automatic design function) will be shown.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Since the sewer pipes are created by drawing, picking its extreme vertices locations in the software\u00b4s drawing area, their lengths, by default, will be automatically calculated from the respective coordinates. But if you want to override this, <b><i>you can activate the option \u201cuser defined Len\u201d: <\/i><\/b>to enable the text box at right and enter the pipe section\u2019s length value.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>To display the pipe section\u2019s extreme manholes ground elevations<\/h4>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">These fields will display (they are not editable from this dialog) the <b>manhole\u2019s ground elevation entered from the Manhole\u2019s Properties dialog<\/b>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"anclarrasantes\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Display or set the pipe section\u2019s upstream and downstream invert elevations<\/h4>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">When the inverts of the sewer pipes converging to a certain manhole have the same elevation, the software will automatically set in this manhole the invert elevation, and it will assign its value to the converging sewer pipes inverts, blocking its manual modification from the Editor (unchecking the checkbox next to the inverts text boxes).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">But when, for reasons such as the occurrence of \u201cdrops\u201d among the manholes\u2019 affluent and effluent sewer pipes, the invert elevations \u200b\u200bare different, you will have to resort to manually setting the pipe section\u2019s inverts values (checking the checkbox next to the respective invert value).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Thus, <b>when the checkbox next to any of the invert fields in the Sewer Pipes Editor is not checked<\/b>, <b>the manhole\u2019s invert elevation will be automatically assigned to the respective sewer pipe\u2019s endpoint<\/b>. In this case, the text box with the invert value is not enabled, warning you that it cannot be changed manually.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">If the check box is checked, the user will be able to enter the invert elevation value \u201cdecoupling\u201d the manhole\u2019s and the sewer pipe\u2019s respective invert elevations<\/span><\/b><span lang=\"EN-US\">. The following figure shows the two aforementioned situations:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3119\" title=\"Manual-and-automatic-setting-the-invert-level-of-pipe\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/03_Manual-and-automatic-setting-the-invert-level-of-pipe.png\" alt=\"Manual-and-automatic-setting-the-invert-level-of-pipe\" width=\"899\" height=\"1162\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/03_Manual-and-automatic-setting-the-invert-level-of-pipe.png 899w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/03_Manual-and-automatic-setting-the-invert-level-of-pipe-620x801.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/03_Manual-and-automatic-setting-the-invert-level-of-pipe-768x993.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/03_Manual-and-automatic-setting-the-invert-level-of-pipe-792x1024.png 792w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/03_Manual-and-automatic-setting-the-invert-level-of-pipe-113x146.png 113w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/03_Manual-and-automatic-setting-the-invert-level-of-pipe-39x50.png 39w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/03_Manual-and-automatic-setting-the-invert-level-of-pipe-58x75.png 58w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 899px) 100vw, 899px\" \/><\/p>\n[alert class=&#8221;info&#8221;]\nIt is emphasized that, when at certain manhole converge several sewer pipe sections (affluent and effluent) with different invert levels, the software will assign the minor elevation value detected as the manhole\u2019s invert elevation. So <strong>when the check box status changes to unchecked, the displayed value will be automatically changed to be the same of the respective manhole\u2019s invert elevation. <\/strong><br \/>\n[\/su_note]\n<h4>To visualize the Sewer Pipe Section\u2019s Extreme Depths.<\/h4>\n<p>The difference between the ground and invert elevation will be displayed as the depth value at each end of the sewer pipe.<\/p>\n<h4>To set the Manning\u2019s Formula Friction Factor<\/h4>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">By default, <b>the Manning\u2019s coefficient used for sanitary sewer hydraulic calculations will be the one the user sets in the Sewer Pipes Library <\/b>that has been assigned to the actual pipe section. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">In case the user wishes to override the library\u2019s friction factor and to enter a specific value <\/span><\/b><span lang=\"EN-US\">for any particular sewer pipe section, <b>it is mandatory to check the box next to the <i>Manning Coefficient<\/i> text box<\/b> to allow editing of the current value.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>To specify the Invert Elevation\u2019s changing percentage<\/h4>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">When the invert elevation\u2019s manual change option is enabled (checking the box next to the respective text box) in any sewer pipe section, it is possible to change the actual elevation by directly entering its numerical value.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">But <b>it is also possible to use the elevation\u2019s increase and decrease buttons <\/b>at the right end of the inverts text boxes so as to, gradually, modify the values \u200b\u200bat intervals, for example, of one cm:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3120\" title=\"Increasing-and-decreasing-the-invert-level-of-pipe\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/04_Increasing-and-decreasing-the-invert-level-of-pipe.png\" alt=\"Increasing-and-decreasing-the-invert-level-of-pipe\" width=\"820\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/04_Increasing-and-decreasing-the-invert-level-of-pipe.png 820w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/04_Increasing-and-decreasing-the-invert-level-of-pipe-620x252.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/04_Increasing-and-decreasing-the-invert-level-of-pipe-768x312.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/04_Increasing-and-decreasing-the-invert-level-of-pipe-260x106.png 260w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/04_Increasing-and-decreasing-the-invert-level-of-pipe-50x20.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/04_Increasing-and-decreasing-the-invert-level-of-pipe-150x61.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><b><i><span lang=\"EN-US\">At the bottom, in the \u201cElevation Increment [%]\u201d field, it is possible to set the value of the elevation interval.<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">Here the entered value is a percentage of the unit of measurement used for elevations<\/span><\/b><span lang=\"EN-US\"> (length units in the SETTINGS tab of the software); for example, if the current unit is meters, when specifying a value of 1%, the changing elevation interval will be 0.01 m, which is one cm:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3121\" title=\"entering-the-percentage-of-invert-level-of-pipe-variation-interval\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/05_entering-the-percentage-of-invert-level-of-pipe-variation-interval.png\" alt=\"entering-the-percentage-of-invert-level-of-pipe-variation-interval\" width=\"904\" height=\"367\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/05_entering-the-percentage-of-invert-level-of-pipe-variation-interval.png 904w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/05_entering-the-percentage-of-invert-level-of-pipe-variation-interval-620x252.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/05_entering-the-percentage-of-invert-level-of-pipe-variation-interval-768x312.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/05_entering-the-percentage-of-invert-level-of-pipe-variation-interval-260x106.png 260w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/05_entering-the-percentage-of-invert-level-of-pipe-variation-interval-50x20.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/05_entering-the-percentage-of-invert-level-of-pipe-variation-interval-150x61.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>2 Parameters for the Design Sewage Flows Calculation<\/h3>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Depending on the selected method for calculating the design sewage flow to be used in the Sanitary Network analysis and design (as <\/span><u style=\"text-underline: red;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; color: red;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/en\/available-options-for-wastewater-design-flows-calculation\/\">seen here<\/a><\/span><\/u><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">), in this area of the Sewer Pipes Editor the necessary input fields will be shown, so as to allow the user to specify the corresponding value for the actual pipe section.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<h3>3 Diameter and Bedding Class Definition<\/h3>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Options in this group allow you to select the Sewer Pipes Library (see <\/span><u style=\"text-underline: red;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; color: red;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/en\/the-cloacas-sewer-pipes-libraries-manager\/\">this article<\/a><\/span><\/u><span lang=\"EN-US\">) that will be used to define the actual pipe section\u2019s diameter (manually, selecting from the respective list in the diameter field, or automatically, by the software, when the automatic design options are used).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">At the bottom of this group we will see the <b><i>Set Bedding Class <\/i><\/b>Option. <b>If this option is disabled (default condition), the sewer pipe section bedding class selection will be made automatically<\/b>, based on the respective burial depths specified in the assigned Sewer Pipes Library.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">If the user prefers to override the automatic selection option<\/span><\/b><span lang=\"EN-US\">, he <b>must check the <i>Set Bedding Class<\/i> checkbox<\/b> in order to select, from the list, the bedding class to be used in the actual sewer pipe section:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3122\" title=\"Defining-the-sewer-pipe-bedding-class\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/06_Defining-the-sewer-pipe-bedding-class.png\" alt=\"Defining-the-sewer-pipe-bedding-class\" width=\"795\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/06_Defining-the-sewer-pipe-bedding-class.png 795w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/06_Defining-the-sewer-pipe-bedding-class-620x439.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/06_Defining-the-sewer-pipe-bedding-class-768x544.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/06_Defining-the-sewer-pipe-bedding-class-206x146.png 206w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/06_Defining-the-sewer-pipe-bedding-class-50x35.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/06_Defining-the-sewer-pipe-bedding-class-106x75.png 106w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 795px) 100vw, 795px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>4 Sewer Pipe Section\u2019s Longitudinal Profile<\/h3>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">When the ground slope between the extreme manholes of a sewer pipe section is not constant, <b>it is convenient, both for adequate representation in the longitudinal profiles as well as to calculate the volumes of excavation and backfilling<\/b>, to specify intermediate ground elevation points to allow a better definition of the topography in the sewer\u2019s path.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">The group <b><i>Pipe Section Longitudinal Profile<\/i><\/b> <b>allows us to make this intermediate points specification in the section\u00b4s profile<\/b>. You just need to <b><i>click on the Insert New Row option<\/i><\/b> at the right side of the table and assign the distance from the start of the current sewer pipe section (downstream manhole) to the point in question as well as its ground elevation:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3123\" title=\"Entering-intermediate-ground-elevation-points-in-a-sewer-pipe-sectio\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/07_Entering-intermediate-ground-elevation-points-in-a-sewer-pipe-sectio.png\" alt=\"Entering-intermediate-ground-elevation-points-in-a-sewer-pipe-sectio\" width=\"672\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/07_Entering-intermediate-ground-elevation-points-in-a-sewer-pipe-sectio.png 672w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/07_Entering-intermediate-ground-elevation-points-in-a-sewer-pipe-sectio-620x538.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/07_Entering-intermediate-ground-elevation-points-in-a-sewer-pipe-sectio-168x146.png 168w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/07_Entering-intermediate-ground-elevation-points-in-a-sewer-pipe-sectio-50x43.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/07_Entering-intermediate-ground-elevation-points-in-a-sewer-pipe-sectio-86x75.png 86w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#167dc1;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#3097DB;border-color:#fcffff;color:#FFFFFF;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Note that <b>the start and end ground elevations of the sewer pipe\u2019s profile will be controlled by the value of the ground elevation of the respective manholes as well as the pipe section\u2019s length<\/b>. They are not editable from the Pipe Section Longitudinal Profile group.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h3>5 Sewer Pipe Section\u2019s Designing Tools<\/h3>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Options at the bottom of the Sewer Pipes Editor allow us to perform \u201cindividual\u201d changes, i.e., for the current pipe section and, depending on the selected option, perform changes in the downstream or upstream pipe sections in order to keep an overall design consistency.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Let\u2019s study each of them separately:<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>Modify the Invert Elevations of every Pipe Section located Downstream of the Current Section<\/h4>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">When this option\u2019s associated button is clicked, <b>a text box will be shown so as to enter a depth value (positive if you want to increase the pipe section\u2019s depth or negative if you want to reduce it)<\/b> which will alter the invert levels of the adjacent sewer pipes (upstream or downstream, depending on the selected button) <b>within the same sub network to which the current sewer pipe section belongs.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">For example, <b>in the A1 Sub network<\/b>, we show the output when <b>using the invert elevations modification option for those pipe sections located downstream from the section A1.1-A1.2<\/b> in the Sewer Pipes Editor:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3124\" title=\"Modifiying-invert-level-of-pipes\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/08_Modifiying-invert-level-of-pipes.png\" alt=\"Modifiying-invert-level-of-pipes\" width=\"830\" height=\"1079\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/08_Modifiying-invert-level-of-pipes.png 830w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/08_Modifiying-invert-level-of-pipes-620x806.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/08_Modifiying-invert-level-of-pipes-768x998.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/08_Modifiying-invert-level-of-pipes-788x1024.png 788w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/08_Modifiying-invert-level-of-pipes-112x146.png 112w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/08_Modifiying-invert-level-of-pipes-38x50.png 38w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/08_Modifiying-invert-level-of-pipes-58x75.png 58w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 830px) 100vw, 830px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#167dc1;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#3097DB;border-color:#fcffff;color:#FFFFFF;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">In this case, <b>with the box next to the downstream invert elevation of the A1.1-A1.2 pipe section not checked<\/b> (anclarrasantes <\/span><u style=\"text-underline: red;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; color: red;\"><a href=\"#anclarrasantes\">as explained here<\/a><\/span><\/u><span lang=\"EN-US\">), its slope has been also modified. If, before using the modification option<b>, it was checked, you have the following output<\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3125\" title=\"Creating-an-invert-level-of-pipe-drop\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/09_Creating-an-invert-level-of-pipe-drop.png\" alt=\"Creating-an-invert-level-of-pipe-drop\" width=\"643\" height=\"248\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/09_Creating-an-invert-level-of-pipe-drop.png 643w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/09_Creating-an-invert-level-of-pipe-drop-620x239.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/09_Creating-an-invert-level-of-pipe-drop-260x100.png 260w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/09_Creating-an-invert-level-of-pipe-drop-50x19.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/09_Creating-an-invert-level-of-pipe-drop-150x58.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 643px) 100vw, 643px\" \/><br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h4>To Calculate the Current Sewer Pipe Section\u2019s Required Longitudinal Slope<\/h4>\n<p class=\"Body\"><b><span lang=\"EN-US\">This option allows us<\/span><\/b><span lang=\"EN-US\">, based on the sanitary system\u2019s design parameters specified in the Project\u00b4s Settings, <b>to determine the required longitudinal slope for the current pipe section.<\/b> And, according to the selected button, <b>it will also calculate the necessary invert upstream or downstream elevation<\/b>, without modifying the opposite one, of course.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5c971;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFE38B;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">It is important to note that <b>the calculated invert levels, as well as the longitudinal slope of pipe sections, are \u201cideal\u201d values, based on the project\u00b4s design options<\/b>. <b>The Sanitary Sewer Design Software will search<\/b>, depending on the accuracy of the elevations (two decimals, assuming it reaches one cm of accuracy, when the measurement unit is the meter, for example), <b>the \u201creal\u201d longitudinal slope value to be assigned to the sewer pipe section<\/b> (which depends on the invert levels). Of course, the found slope in any case will ensure the system\u2019s design condition.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">For example, the following image shows the sequence on which <b>the longitudinal slope calculation option is selected in order to modify the upstream invert level of the pipe section<\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3126\" title=\"Calculating-sewer-pipe-section-longitudinal-slope\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/10_Calculating-sewer-pipe-section-longitudinal-slope.png\" alt=\"Calculating-sewer-pipe-section-longitudinal-slope\" width=\"806\" height=\"571\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/10_Calculating-sewer-pipe-section-longitudinal-slope.png 806w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/10_Calculating-sewer-pipe-section-longitudinal-slope-620x439.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/10_Calculating-sewer-pipe-section-longitudinal-slope-768x544.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/10_Calculating-sewer-pipe-section-longitudinal-slope-206x146.png 206w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/10_Calculating-sewer-pipe-section-longitudinal-slope-50x35.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/10_Calculating-sewer-pipe-section-longitudinal-slope-106x75.png 106w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#167dc1;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#3097DB;border-color:#fcffff;color:#FFFFFF;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\nIf, when using this option, it is detected that there are inconsistencies between the current section\u2019s calculated value and the affluent or effluent sewer pipe inverts (upstream or downstream, depending on the selected button), a message like this will be shown:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3127\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/11_Warning-message-invert-level-of-pipes.png\" alt=\"Warning-message-invert-level-of-pipes\" width=\"426\" height=\"178\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/11_Warning-message-invert-level-of-pipes.png 426w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/11_Warning-message-invert-level-of-pipes-260x109.png 260w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/11_Warning-message-invert-level-of-pipes-50x21.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/11_Warning-message-invert-level-of-pipes-150x63.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 426px) 100vw, 426px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>So that the user decides whether or not to modify the current invert elevation values.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h4>Match the Current Sewer Pipe Section Longitudinal Slope to the Contiguous Pipe Sections<\/h4>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">When the designer deems <b>it necessary to maintain, as far as possible, a constant longitudinal slope along a Sub Network<\/b>, he can use this option, with which the software will determine the required invert elevation (upstream or downstream, depending on the selected button) to match the current sewer pipe section\u2019s longitudinal slope with the one located at Upstream or Downstream longitudinal slope.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">The following image shows the message presented to the user when this option is selected, in case it is desirable to match the current pipe section\u2019s longitudinal slope to the value of its upstream one (modifying the downstream invert elevation): <\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3128\" title=\"Matching-longitudinal-slopes-in-sewer-pipes-sections\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/12_Matching-longitudinal-slopes-in-sewer-pipes-sections.png\" alt=\"Matching-longitudinal-slopes-in-sewer-pipes-sections\" width=\"806\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/12_Matching-longitudinal-slopes-in-sewer-pipes-sections.png 806w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/12_Matching-longitudinal-slopes-in-sewer-pipes-sections-620x425.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/12_Matching-longitudinal-slopes-in-sewer-pipes-sections-768x527.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/12_Matching-longitudinal-slopes-in-sewer-pipes-sections-213x146.png 213w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/12_Matching-longitudinal-slopes-in-sewer-pipes-sections-50x34.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/12_Matching-longitudinal-slopes-in-sewer-pipes-sections-109x75.png 109w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#167dc1;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#3097DB;border-color:#fcffff;color:#FFFFFF;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\nAgain, if the software detects inconsistencies between the inverts elevations generated by the modification when using this option, a warning message will be shown:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3129\" title=\"Warning-message-about-invert-level-of-pipes\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/13_Warning-message-about-invert-level-of-pipes.png\" alt=\"Warning-message-about-invert-level-of-pipes\" width=\"410\" height=\"178\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/13_Warning-message-about-invert-level-of-pipes.png 410w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/13_Warning-message-about-invert-level-of-pipes-260x113.png 260w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/13_Warning-message-about-invert-level-of-pipes-50x22.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/13_Warning-message-about-invert-level-of-pipes-150x65.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 410px) 100vw, 410px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In this case, it was found that the calculated invert elevation would block the discharge into the sewer pipe section located downstream of the current one (it is at a higher level), to which the user should answer \u201cYes\u201d to equalize this invert value (the upstream invert value of the downstream pipe section) to the value calculated with this option.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\nThe result of applying this option from the Starting Sewer Pipe of the A1 Sub Network is shown in the following longitudinal profile:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3130\" title=\"Sewer-pipe-longitudinal-profile-with-constant-longitudinal-slope\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/14_Sewer-pipe-longitudinal-profile-with-constant-longitudinal-slope.png\" alt=\"Sewer-pipe-longitudinal-profile-with-constant-longitudinal-slope\" width=\"875\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/14_Sewer-pipe-longitudinal-profile-with-constant-longitudinal-slope.png 875w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/14_Sewer-pipe-longitudinal-profile-with-constant-longitudinal-slope-620x310.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/14_Sewer-pipe-longitudinal-profile-with-constant-longitudinal-slope-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/14_Sewer-pipe-longitudinal-profile-with-constant-longitudinal-slope-260x130.png 260w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/14_Sewer-pipe-longitudinal-profile-with-constant-longitudinal-slope-50x25.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/14_Sewer-pipe-longitudinal-profile-with-constant-longitudinal-slope-150x75.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 875px) 100vw, 875px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>To Change the Current Sewer Pipe Section\u2019s Invert Elevation according to the downstream invert elevation in its Affluent Pipe Sections<\/h4>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Sometimes, when the automatic design of the sewer pipes networks is performed, will be found that exists tributaries that have a lower invert elevation than the receiving pipe section, which establishes that the water cannot be conveyed by gravity through the sewers network.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">In our Sanitary Sewer Design Software, <b>the user is warned about this situation when the automatic design options<\/b> (at the SEWER PIPES tab, Calculation and Design panel) <b>are used:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3112\" title=\"Warning-in-the-automatic-design-of-the-sanitary-sewer-network\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/15_Warning-in-the-automatic-design-of-the-sanitary-sewer-network.png\" alt=\"Warning-in-the-automatic-design-of-the-sanitary-sewer-network\" width=\"375\" height=\"208\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/15_Warning-in-the-automatic-design-of-the-sanitary-sewer-network.png 375w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/15_Warning-in-the-automatic-design-of-the-sanitary-sewer-network-260x144.png 260w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/15_Warning-in-the-automatic-design-of-the-sanitary-sewer-network-50x28.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/15_Warning-in-the-automatic-design-of-the-sanitary-sewer-network-135x75.png 135w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">And, if we review the Longitudinal Profile, we will find situations like this:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3113\" title=\"Affluent-sewer-pipes-depicted-in-longitudinal-profiles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/16_Affluent-sewer-pipes-depicted-in-longitudinal-profiles.png\" alt=\"Affluent-sewer-pipes-depicted-in-longitudinal-profiles\" width=\"639\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/16_Affluent-sewer-pipes-depicted-in-longitudinal-profiles.png 639w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/16_Affluent-sewer-pipes-depicted-in-longitudinal-profiles-620x395.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/16_Affluent-sewer-pipes-depicted-in-longitudinal-profiles-229x146.png 229w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/16_Affluent-sewer-pipes-depicted-in-longitudinal-profiles-50x32.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/16_Affluent-sewer-pipes-depicted-in-longitudinal-profiles-118x75.png 118w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">We see, in our example, that the <b>A4 Sub Network discharges at a higher elevation in the A4 manhole<\/b>, which ensures continuity in the sewage water collection<b>. But with the A5 Sub Network, this is not the case because it is discharging at lower levels<\/b>, which would result in the inability to receive and convey the associated flow.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">To overcome such situations, the option of modifying the invert elevations of the pipe sections located downstream of the current section\u2019s tributary sub network has been incorporated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">In the above case, we edit the A4-A5 pipe section and select the option, as outlined below:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3114\" title=\"Modifying-downstream-invert-elevations\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/17_Modifying-downstream-invert-elevations.png\" alt=\"Modifying-downstream-invert-elevations\" width=\"806\" height=\"764\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/17_Modifying-downstream-invert-elevations.png 806w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/17_Modifying-downstream-invert-elevations-620x588.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/17_Modifying-downstream-invert-elevations-768x728.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/17_Modifying-downstream-invert-elevations-154x146.png 154w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/17_Modifying-downstream-invert-elevations-50x47.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/17_Modifying-downstream-invert-elevations-79x75.png 79w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Pressing \u201cYes\u201d in the last warning dialog and closing the Sewer Pipes Editor, we see that now the A0 sub network\u2019s longitudinal profile is consistent with the affluent collector at A5:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3115\" title=\"Invert-elevation-adjusted\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/18_Invert-elevation-adjusted.png\" alt=\"Invert-elevation-adjusted\" width=\"782\" height=\"503\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/18_Invert-elevation-adjusted.png 782w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/18_Invert-elevation-adjusted-620x399.png 620w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/18_Invert-elevation-adjusted-768x494.png 768w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/18_Invert-elevation-adjusted-227x146.png 227w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/18_Invert-elevation-adjusted-50x32.png 50w, https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/18_Invert-elevation-adjusted-117x75.png 117w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 782px) 100vw, 782px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"Body\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Thus, as we see, the specific design of sewer pipe sections, without losing sight of what actually happens with the rest of the sub network of which they are part, is simplified by using the options available in the Sewer Pipes Editor.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The CLOACAS (SEWERS) Sewer Pipes Editor, along with the required options provided to allow the user to define the geometry and required parameters for the hydraulic calculation of sewer pipes sections, includes several tools to streamline the sanitary sewer design work, as we shall see in this article.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3116,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[218,217,214],"class_list":["post-3111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sanitary-sewer-design","tag-invert-level-of-pipe","tag-sanitary-sewer-design","tag-sanitary-sewer-design-software","post-wrapper","thrv_wrapper"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.5 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The CLOACAS Sewer Pipes Editor, offers the required options provided to allow the user to define the geometry of sewer pipes sections.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"adminHS\"\/>\n\t<meta name=\"keywords\" content=\"sanitary sewer design,invert level of pipe,sanitary 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