{"id":2041,"date":"2015-01-21T11:20:27","date_gmt":"2015-01-21T15:50:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/?p=2041"},"modified":"2015-01-31T08:30:15","modified_gmt":"2015-01-31T13:00:15","slug":"sanitary-drainage-design-in-buildings-with-desagues-part-i-the-sanitary-network","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hidrasoftware.com\/en\/sanitary-drainage-design-in-buildings-with-desagues-part-i-the-sanitary-network\/","title":{"rendered":"Sanitary Drainage Design in Buildings with DESAG\u00dcES \u2013 Part I: The Sanitary Network"},"content":{"rendered":"

In this series of tutorials about using our DESAG\u00dcES (DRAINS) software in the design of sanitary and pluvial drainage systems in buildings<\/strong>, we\u2019ll review the aspects of creating, and editing as well as the designing itself of the horizontal branches system which, for the software\u00b4s purposes, we have called the network.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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A sanitary Network in DESAG\u00dcES<\/strong> is the group of horizontal branches (longitudinal slopes below 2%) or drains to which the sanitary fixtures\u2019 traps are connected in the same building story and which discharges to a unique waste or soil stack.<\/p>\n

Each Network in the software pretends to simulate the different sewage systems internal to the building and are located at each story. Thus, for those networks that are \u2018typical\u2019 (usually most of the networks\u2019 layouts are repeated in more than two stories inside the building), it will be necessary to create only one and, to undertake the design of the waste stack<\/a>, you must simply specify the number and type of networks served in each building\u2019s level.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

When creating a new project and after having set up diameters and sanitary fixtures tables<\/a> for the project, the next step to be made in the sanitary drainage design<\/strong> in buildings with DESAG\u00dcES is the creation of one or more networks<\/strong>. In this series of tutorials we will be using, as an example, a residential five story building (Ground Level plus 4 upper levels) which, in the Ground Level has 4 housing units, while levels 1 to 4 has two each.<\/p>\n

The wastewater collection on the ground floor of the building will be made through two typical networks per each housing unit<\/strong>. Those networks will be discharging into one inspection chamber that is located near the building\u2019s perimeter. In the next figure is shown the proposed collection system (per each housing unit):<\/p>\n

\"Tipical-Plan-Building-Ground-Level\"<\/p>\n

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Since the networks attending to the ground floor housings will be discharging into the building drains inspection chambers, it will not be necessary to create waste stacks (in the strict sense of the word) in the respective models into the software. But, to be able to create those networks in DESAG\u00dcES, we\u00b4ll define the following ‘fictitious’ Stacks: Stke and Stke1 (see above figure) as their respective discharge points.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

To collect wastewater from each housing unit in levels 1 to 4 we have proposed three networks, each affluent to a waste or soil Stack<\/strong>. The following figure shows the typical networks found on each of these building\u2019s levels (per each housing unit):<\/p>\n

\"Tipical-Plan-Levels-1-4\"<\/p>\n

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As you can see in the previous figures, we\u00b4ve used on the drawings the abbreviations proposed in this Tutorial<\/a>, in order to identify the type of installed Sanitary Fixtures at the time of importing it from a DXF drawing file into the DESAG\u00dcES\u2019 project.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

Thus, to model the entire sanitary drainage systems located inside this building, we\u00b4ll need to create only 5 distinct networks<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

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  1. Network NW-1:<\/strong> Serving the N\u00b0 1 bathroom in every housing unit at levels 1 to 4 and discharging into Soil Stack N\u00b01<\/strong> (Stk1 on above images). There will be in total eight of these networks in this building (2 housing units per level x 4 Levels).<\/li>\n
  2. Network NW-2:<\/strong> Serves the N\u00b0 2 bathroom and kitchen\u2019s fixtures in every housing unit in levels 1 to 4 and discharges into Soil Stack N\u00b02<\/strong> (Stk2 on above images). There will be also, in total, eight of these types of networks in this project<\/li>\n
  3. Network NW-3<\/strong>: Serving the N\u00b0 3 Bathroom and the Laundry room of each housing unit at levels 1 to 4. Will discharge into soil Stack N\u00b03<\/strong> (Stk3). There are 8 networks in total.<\/li>\n
  4. Network NW-GLe:<\/strong> Serves two bathrooms in each of the Ground Floor housing units. Discharges into the building\u00b4s sewers inspection chamber Node: Stke<\/strong> (fictitious Stack referred to previously). There are 4 throughout the building: 1 per housing unit x 4 housing units on the ground floor level.<\/li>\n
  5. Network NW-GLe1:<\/strong> Captures waste water from sanitary fixtures in the laundry room and kitchen of each housing unit on the ground floor. Discharges into the building drain inspection chamber Node: Stke1<\/strong>. (There will also be 4 typical networks in the entire sanitary system).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \n

    Note that, although there is more than one typical sanitary network, in DESAG\u00dcES it is only needed to create one for each typical network. Later, in the Soil stacks<\/a> and building\u00b4s sewers design<\/a>, we shall specify the quantities that each network is repeated to, finally, let the software to summarize the total Fixture Units in the sanitary drainage system of the entire building.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

    Creating the Sanitary Drainage Networks of the Building<\/h2>\n

    To create the drainage Networks that represents the systems that we have defined in the previous section, we\u2019ll create a new DESAG\u00dcES project (Application\u2019s Icon <\/em><\/strong>\u2192 <\/em><\/strong>New menu<\/em><\/strong>) and, will insure you have the Network<\/em> tab active<\/strong> on the main window, click on New network button<\/em><\/strong> in Current Network panel<\/strong>. The Networks\u00b4 editor<\/em><\/strong> will be shown.<\/p>\n

    Here, we will set a name for the new network<\/strong>, a descriptive text<\/strong> (optional) and set the prefix that will be assigned to the nodes<\/strong> that the software automatically will be creating (the Prefix + sequential number will conform the nodes\u2019 names):<\/p>\n

    \"Creating-a-new-sanitary-drainage-network\"<\/p>\n

    When you click onto the OK button<\/em><\/strong>, you will see that in the Nodes\u2019 table the \u201cStack\u201d node has been created. Remember that, for each sanitary network in DESAG\u00dcES, a unique discharge point is required: this will be this Node.<\/strong> This node cannot be removed from the networks, although it is possible to edit its name or label.<\/p>\n

    Now you have two options for creating the sanitary drainage network components (Nodes and pipes or branches):<\/p>\n

    1. Create the network manually<\/h4>\n

    This option is the recommended one if you are creating networks that have few horizontal branches, i.e., it is a small network.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    In this case you must use the provided buttons to create nodes and drain branches and fill each of the fields in the respective dialogues. For nodes, an important aspect is to define, if applicable, the type and quantity of sanitary fixtures that discharges into it:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \"Creating-nodes-in-sanitary-drainage-networks\"<\/p>\n

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    The values on fields in the ‘Nodes Coordinates’ section are necessary to perform the calculation of the pipe\u00b4s length (when user-defined length option is disabled on the pipe\u00b4s properties dialog), to obtain a network\u00b4s drawing plan and to generate isometrics views. If these values \u200b\u200bare not specified, you cannot take advantage of these software features.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

    It is necessary that you create first all of the network\u2019s nodes before starting creating the horizontal branches<\/strong>, since the most important data, to specifying in them, is precisely its end and start nodes:<\/p>\n

    \"Creating-drain-branches-in-sanitary-drainage-networks\"<\/p>\n

    As you can see in the above figure, the drain branches are a most complex object in DESAG\u00dcES, because they are really the components to be designed in the sanitary drainage system in the buildings.<\/p>\n

    In this dialog you will find, in addition to the fields to select the start (downstream) and end nodes (upstream) of the reach:<\/p>\n

    The option to set whether the program will select the diameter<\/strong> (\u2018Set Diameter\u2019 option unchecked) from the values \u200b\u200byou specified in Project’s Pipes’<\/a> Diameter Manager – this is what we call de \u201cdesign condition\u201d (automatic pipes sizing)- or if, on the contrary, you will be whom fixes the diameter, overriding the automatic design<\/strong> (\u2018Set Diameter\u2019 option checked) thus changing to the \u201crevision condition\u201d on the software. DESAG\u00dcES will warn you, in such a case, if the diameter you\u2019ve specified does not meet one of two criteria: diameter has not the capacity<\/strong> to convey the total calculated fixture units or diameter\u2019s value is smaller than those of its affluent reaches<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

    \"Warning-message-on-sanitary-drainage-network-design\"<\/p>\n

    If the pipe you are manually creating has changes in direction, it will be necessary to specify the required sanitary elbows (45\u00b0 or 90\u00b0) and any other fittings you consider as necessary in the actual branch (the fittings required to build a cleanout, for example). You can do this through Fittings\u2019 editor<\/strong> (click on button at the top right of the dialog):<\/p>\n

    \"Fittings-editor-in-drains\"<\/p>\n

    This ensures that DESAG\u00dcES, when performing the calculation of drain reaches and fittings within the network, will account for what you have specified.<\/p>\n

    2. Create the sanitary drainage network from a drawing file<\/h4>\n

    This option, we think, is the ideal in any case as it greatly simplifies the work of creation and supplying of the geometric data<\/strong> (lengths and fittings). In this tutorial <\/a> you will see how easy it is to import dxf drawing files and convert them into a DESAG\u00dcES\u2019 project.<\/p>\n

    In our example case, as the networks have already drawn in a drawing file, we have chosen to create them through importing into DESAG\u00dcES. (All dxfs files are included on the program\u2019s installation folder so you can try by yourself<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

    At this moment, regardless of how you have selected to build the networks, the view on DESAG\u00dcES\u2019S networks selector should be similar to the following<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

    \"Sanitary-drainage-Networks-selector\"<\/p>\n

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    One aspect to consider in this example is the case of the Lavatories in the NW-GLe network<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

    \"Two-sanitary-fixtures-discharging-in-a-node\"<\/p>\n

    In this case the Node \u2018Lav1\u2019 would be handling the fixture units of Two Lavatories<\/strong>, so it is necessary to edit the associated sanitary fixtures quantity on the Node\u00b4s editor dialog, (double click on respective row in the nodes\u00b4 table of this network):<\/p>\n

    \"Assigning-two-sanitary-fixtures-to-one-node\"<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

    Performing the Building\u00b4s Sanitary Networks Design<\/h2>\n

    In this example, we have ensured that all branches in all sanitary drainage networks, have the \u2018Set Diameter\u2019 option unchecked<\/strong> (as we have previously explained), so as to allow DESAG\u00dcES perform the automatic sizing (diameter) in order to convey the total calculated Fixture Units on each branch.<\/p>\n

    When clicking onto the Calculate button<\/em><\/strong> in the Project tab, a message dialog will appear indicating the calculation results in each of the project\u2019s components. In this case, we\u00b4ll only take into account messages for the 5 existing networks, because it has not yet defined Stacks and\/or building drains or sewers<\/strong> (nor sanitary nor pluvial):<\/p>\n

    \"Sanitary-drainage-network-design-results\"<\/p>\n

    In case of detecting errors such as:<\/strong><\/p>\n